Parizvino, China's photovoltaic power generation system inonyanya kuita DC system, inova yekuchaja simba remagetsi rinogadzirwa nebhatiri rezuva, uye bhatiri rinopa zvakananga simba kumutoro. Semuyenzaniso, solar imba yekuvhenekesa system kuNorthwest China uye microwave station power supply system iri kure negridi ese ari DC system. Mhando iyi yehurongwa ine chimiro chakareruka uye mutengo wakaderera. Nekudaro, nekuda kweakasiyana mutoro DC voltages (senge 12V, 24V, 48V, zvichingodaro), zvakaoma kuwana kumira uye kuenderana kwehurongwa, kunyanya kusimba revanhu, sezvo mizhinji yemitoro yeAC ichishandiswa neDC simba. . Izvo zvakaoma kune photovoltaic magetsi ekupa magetsi kuti apinde mumusika sechinhu. Uye zvakare, photovoltaic simba rekugadzira rinozopedzisira rawana grid-yakabatana kushanda, iyo inofanirwa kutora yakakura musika modhi. Mune ramangwana, AC photovoltaic magetsi ekugadzira masisitimu ichava iyo huru yekugadzira photovoltaic magetsi.
Izvo zvinodiwa zve photovoltaic simba rekugadzira system ye inverter magetsi
Iyo photovoltaic simba rekugadzira system inoshandisa AC simba rekubuda rine zvikamu zvina: photovoltaic array, charger uye discharge controller, bhatiri uye inverter (iyo grid-yakabatana simba rekugadzira system inogona kazhinji kuchengetedza bhatiri), uye inverter ndicho chinhu chakakosha. Photovoltaic ine zvakakwirira zvinodiwa kune inverters:
1. Kushanda kwepamusoro kunodiwa. Pamusana pemutengo wepamusoro wemasero ezuva panguva ino, kuitira kuti kuwedzere kushandiswa kwemasero ezuva uye kuvandudza kushanda kwehurongwa, zvakakosha kuedza kuvandudza kushanda kweiyo inverter.
2. Kuvimbika kwepamusoro kunodiwa. Parizvino, photovoltaic magetsi ekugadzira masisitimu anonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo dziri kure, uye akawanda magetsi emagetsi haana kutarisirwa uye anochengetwa. Izvi zvinoda kuti inverter ive neyakajeka redunhu chimiro, yakasimba chikamu chekusarudza, uye inoda kuti inverter ive nemhando dzakasiyana dzekudzivirira, senge yekuisa DC Polarity yekubatanidza kuchengetedza, AC inobuda pfupi yedunhu kudzivirira, kupisa, kuwandisa kuchengetedza, nezvimwe.
3. Iyo DC inopinza voltage inodiwa kuti ive neyakasiyana-siyana yekuchinjisa. Sezvo iyo terminal voltage yebhatiri ichichinja nemutoro uye kusimba kwechiedza chezuva, kunyangwe bhatiri rine mhedzisiro yakakosha pamagetsi ebhatiri, bhatiri voltage inoshanduka nekuchinja kweiyo bhatiri yakasara simba uye kuramba mukati. Kunyanya kana bhatiri riri kuchembera, terminal yayo yemagetsi inosiyana zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, iyo terminal voltage ye 12 V bhatiri inogona kusiyanisa kubva ku10 V kusvika 16 V. Izvi zvinoda kuti inverter ishande pane yakakura DC Iva nechokwadi chekushanda kwakajairika mukati meiyo inopinza voltage renji uye simbisa kugadzikana kweiyo AC inobuda voltage.
4. Mukati uye hukuru-hukuru photovoltaic kugadzirwa kwemagetsi maitiro, kubuda kweiyo inverter magetsi kunofanira kuva sine wave ine zvishoma kukanganisa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mune zvepakati uye hukuru-hukuru-simba masisitimu, kana sikweya wave simba ikashandiswa, iyo inobuda ichange iine zvimwe zvinopindirana zvikamu, uye yakakwirira harmonics inoburitsa kumwe kurasikirwa. Mazhinji photovoltaic magetsi ekugadzira masisitimu akaremerwa nekutaurirana kana midziyo yekushandisa. Midziyo ine zvinodiwa zvepamusoro pahutano hwemagetsi emagetsi. Kana iyo yepakati uye yakakura-inogoneka photovoltaic magetsi ekugadzira masisitimu akabatanidzwa kune grid, kuitira kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwemagetsi negedhi yeruzhinji, inverter inofanirwawo kuburitsa sine wave ikozvino.
Iyo inverter inoshandura yakananga ikozvino kuita alternating ikozvino. Kana iyo yakananga ikozvino voltage yakadzikira, inokwidziridzwa nealternating ikozvino transformer kuti iwane yakajairwa inochinjisa ikozvino voltage uye frequency. Kune mahombe-ekugona inverters, nekuda kweiyo yakakwira DC bhazi voltage, iyo AC inobuda kazhinji haidi transformer kuti ikwidze voltage kusvika ku220V. Mune yepakati uye diki-capacity inverters, iyo DC voltage yakadzikira, senge 12V, Ye24V, inosimudzira dunhu inofanira kugadzirwa. Epakati uye diki-inogonesa inverters inowanzo sanganisira push-pull inverter maseketi, yakazara-bhiriji inverter maseketi uye yakakwirira-frequency inosimudzira inverter maseketi. Push-pull circuits inobatanidza iyo neutral plug yeboost transformer kune yakanaka magetsi, uye maviri machubhu emagetsi Alternate work, inobuda AC simba, nekuti magetsi transistors akabatana kune yakajairika pasi, dhiraivha uye kudzora maseketi zviri nyore, uye nekuti. iyo transformer ine imwe leakage inductance, inogona kudzikamisa pfupi-circuit ikozvino, nokudaro inovandudza kuvimbika kwedunhu. Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuti kushandiswa kweshanduko kwakadzikira uye kugona kutyaira inductive mitoro kwakashata.
Iyo yakazara-bridge inverter circuit inokunda kukanganisa kwepush-pull circuit. Iyo simba transistor inogadzirisa inobuda pulse hupamhi, uye kukosha kunoshanda kweiyo inobuda AC voltage inoshanduka zvinoenderana. Nekuti dunhu rine freewheeling loop, kunyangwe kune inductive mitoro, iyo inobuda voltage waveform haizokanganisika. Izvo zvakashata zvedunhu iri ndezvekuti masimba emagetsi epamusoro uye epasi maoko haagoverane pasi, saka dhiraivha yakatsaurirwa dhiraivha kana imwe yakasarudzika magetsi inofanira kushandiswa. Mukuwedzera, kuitira kuti udzivise kufambisa kwakajairika kwemaoko epamusoro uye pasi pebhiriji, dunhu rinofanira kugadzirwa kuti ridzimwe uye robva ravhurwa, kureva kuti, nguva yakafa inofanira kuiswa, uye dhipatimendi redunhu rinonyanya kuoma.
Kubuda kwepush-pull circuit uye full-bridge circuit inofanira kuwedzera nhanho-up transformer. Nekuti iyo nhanho-kumusoro inoshandura yakakura muhukuru, yakaderera mukubudirira, uye inodhura zvakanyanya, nekuvandudzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi uye microelectronics tekinoroji, yakakwirira-frequency nhanho-kumusoro inoshandura tekinoroji inoshandiswa kuita reverse Inogona kuona yakakwirira simba density inverter. Iyo yekumberi-nhanho inosimudzira sedunhu yeiyi inverter seketi inotora kusunda-kudhonza chimiro, asi iyo frequency yekushanda iri pamusoro pe20KHz. Iyo boost transformer inotora yakakwirira-frequency magineti musimboti zvinhu, saka idiki muhukuru uye yakareruka muhuremu. Mushure mepamusoro-frequency inversion, inoshandurwa kuita yakakwirira-frequency alternating current kuburikidza ne-high-frequency transformer, uye ipapo high-voltage yakananga ikozvino (kazhinji pamusoro pe300V) inowanikwa kuburikidza ne-high-frequency rectifier filter circuit, uye yobva yapindurwa kuburikidza ne simba frequency inverter circuit.
Neichi chimiro chedunhu, simba reiyo inverter rinovandudzwa zvakanyanya, iyo isina-mutoro kurasikirwa kweiyo inverter inoenderana inoderedzwa, uye kugona kunovandudzwa. Izvo zvisingabatsiri zvedunhu ndezvekuti dunhu rakaoma uye kuvimbika kwakaderera pane matunhu maviri ari pamusoro.
Kudzora dunhu reinverter circuit
Iwo makuru maseketi eaya ataurwa pamusoro apa inverters ese anoda kuzadzikiswa neanodzora dunhu. Kazhinji, kune nzira mbiri dzekudzora: square wave uye yakanaka uye isina simba wave. Iyo inverter simba rekupa wedunhu ine square wave kubuda iri nyore, yakaderera mumutengo, asi yakaderera mukubudirira uye yakakura muHarmonic zvikamu. . Sine wave kubuda ndiyo yekuvandudza maitiro emainverters. Nekuvandudzwa kweiyo microelectronics tekinoroji, mamicroprocessors ane PWM mabasa akabudawo. Naizvozvo, iyo inverter tekinoroji ye sine wave kubuda yakura.
1. Mainverters ane square wave output parizvino anonyanya kushandisa pulse-width modulation integrated circuits, seSG 3 525, TL 494 zvichingodaro. Kudzidzira kwakaratidza kuti kushandiswa kweSG3525 yakasanganiswa maseketi uye kushandiswa kwesimba FETs sekuchinja masimba emagetsi kunogona kuita yakakwira kuita uye mutengo inverters. Nekuti SG3525 inokwanisa kutyaira yakananga simba FETs Kugona uye ine yemukati referensi sosi uye inoshanda amplifier uye undervoltage kuchengetedza basa, saka dunhu rayo riri nyore.
2. The inverter control integrated circuit ine sine wave output, iyo control circuit ye inverter ine sine wave output inogona kudzorwa ne microprocessor, yakadai se80 C 196 MC inogadzirwa ne INTEL Corporation, uye yakagadzirwa neMotorola Company. MP 16 uye PI C 16 C 73 yakabudiswa neMI-CRO CHIP Company, nezvimwewo. Aya makombiyuta e-single-chip ane majenereta akawanda ePWM, uye anogona kuseta maoko epamusoro nepamusoro ebhiriji. Munguva yekufa, shandisa iyo INTEL kambani 80 C 196 MC kuona sine wave kubuda wedunhu, 80 C 196 MC kupedzisa sine wave chiratidzo chizvarwa, uye kuona iyo AC inobuda voltage kuti iwane Voltage kugadzikana.
Kusarudzwa kweMagetsi eMasimba muMain Circuit yeInverter
Kusarudzwa kwemasimba makuru emagetsi einverterkunokosha zvikuru. Parizvino, anonyanya kushandiswa masimba emagetsi anosanganisira Darlington simba transistors (BJT), simba remunda maitiro transistors (MOS-F ET), insulated gedhi transistors (IGB). T) uye kudzima thyristor (GTO), nezvimwewo, zvishandiso zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumadiki-akaderera-voltage masisitimu iMOS FET, nekuti MOS FET ine yakaderera pa-state voltage kudonha uye yakakwira Iyo switching frequency yeIG BT inowanzo. inoshandiswa mu-high-voltage uye yakakura-capacity systems. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kuramba-nyika kweMOS FET kunowedzera nekuwedzera kwevoltage, uye IG BT iri muMedium-capacity masisitimu inotora mukana wakakura, nepo muhukuru-hukuru-hukuru (pamusoro pe100 kVA) masisitimu, maGTO anowanzo shandiswa. sezvikamu zvesimba.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-21-2021
